Lesson 40:Food and talk
进餐与交谈
First listen and then answer the question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Was Mrs. Rumbold a good companion at dinner?
Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold. Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. I tried to make conversation.
'A new play is coming to The Globe soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing it?'
'No,' she answered.
'Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked.
'No,' she answered.
'Will you be staying in England?' I asked.
'No,' she answered.
In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner.
'Young man,' she answered, 'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!
New words and expressions 生词和短语
hostess n. 女主人
unsmiling adj. 不笑的，严肃的
tight adj. 紧身的
fix v. 凝视
globe n. 地球
despair n. 绝望
参考译文
在上星期的一次宴会上，女主人安排我坐在兰伯尔德夫人的身旁。兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女性，穿一件紧身的黑衣服。当我在她身旁坐下来的时候，她甚至连头都没抬一下。她的双眼盯着我们的盘子，不一会儿就忙着吃起来了。我试图找个话题和她聊聊。
一出新剧要来环球剧场上演了，我说，你去看吗？
不，她回答。
你今年去海外度假吗？我又问。
不，她回答。
你就呆在英国吗？我问。
不，她回答。
失望之中我问她饭是不是吃得认可。
青年，她回答说，假如你多吃点，少说点，大家两个都会吃得好的！
新定义英语正版图书购买
自学导读
1．next to, 挨着。
它既能够表示座位挨着也可以表示地点上挨着：
Who was the man sitting next to you during the meeting?
开会时坐在你旁边的那人是哪个？
There's a field/shop next to our house.
大家家房屋边上有一片田野/一个商店。
2．Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.兰伯尔德夫人是一位身材高大、表情严肃的女性，穿一件紧身的黑衣服。
（1）unsmiling的反义词为smiling（微笑的，喜气洋洋的）。有的形容词前面可以加上前缀un|来表示相反的意义：comfortable （舒服的）/uncomfortable（不舒服的），true（真实的）/untrue（虚假的）， interesting（有趣的）/uninteresting（无趣味的，乏味的）。
（2）in在这里表示穿着、戴着：
A young man in a blue dress is inquiring for you.
有位穿蓝衣服的小伙子在找你。
3．take one's seat, 在指定的地方上就座。
take a seat表示坐下，比sit要正式：
Please take a seat.
请坐。
take one's seat则表示地方事先已安排好：
After everyone had taken his seat, the meeting/dinner party began.
大伙各自就座后，会议/宴会便开始了。
4．Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating. 她的双眼盯着我们的盘子，不一会儿就忙着吃起来了。
（1）fix最常见的意思为使固定、安装：
she fixed a handle on the door.
她在门上安了个把手。
fix on的意思之一为使（目光、注意力等）集中于、盯着：
He fixed his eyes on the book, but he couldn't understand a word.
他的双眼盯着那本书，但他一个字儿也没了解。
（2）busy+ doing sth.表示忙着做某事， doing前可以加 in，也可以不加：
They are busy (in) repairing the car.
他们正忙着修理汽车。
We're all busy getting ready for the performance.
大家都在忙着为演出进行筹备。
5．If you ate more and talked less假如你多吃点，少说点
在并列句中，相同的句子成分（如主语、谓语、状语等）一般由同一词性的单词/词组表示，并且它们的长度也差不多，以维持句子的平衡性。在课文中的这句话中ate与talked对应，more与less对应。再如：
You can either go out or stay here.
你出去也行，呆在这里也行。
He wants to buy a lot of things, but he has little money.
他想买的东西不少，但他的钱极少。
语法 Grammar in use
第2类条件句
在第16课的语法中，大家学习了第1类条件句，它谈论或有可能发生的事情，并且考虑其以后的真实结果。它的一般形式如下所示：
You'll miss the train if you don't hurry.
你若是不抓紧时间会误了火车的。（主句用一般以后时，从句用一般目前时或其他形式的目前时）
第2类条件句的形式与第一类不同，if从句中用一般过去时，谈论想像的状况，主句用would +动词原形，推断想像的结果：
If it rained tomorrow, we'd stay at home.
假如明天下雨，大家将呆在家。
尽管第2类条件句用过去时，却并不是指过去的时间，所以，if之后的过去时使用方法常被叫做非真实的过去。
第2类条件句有时可以代替第1类条件句来描述颇大概发生的事情，但比第1类条件句较为无把握。试比较：
不过第2类条件句常常用来描写完全不可能的事情：
If I had longer legs, I'd be able to run faster.
假如我的腿再长一点儿，我就能跑得更快了。
在最后一个例句中，the weather是单数，按语法规则，在正常的陈述句中它后面应为was而不是were。但在第2类条件句中，were比was更为正式，与真实状况的差别也更大：If he were/was ready, I would go.
假如他筹备好了，我就去。
if I were you这种说法常常用于提出建议：
If I were you, I'd accept their offer.
假如我是你，我就同意他们的建议。
词语学习 Word study
1．make vt., vi.
及物动词make的原义为制造，但它常常用于一些固定的结构，最容易见到的为make +（冠词）+名词形式。因名词的不同其含义也稍有不同：
I tried to make conversation.
我试图找个话题。
If you like, I'll make the beds this morning.
假如你想，今天早上我来铺床。
Don't make so much noise when I'm reading.
我看书时你（们）别这么吵闹。
He made a promise that he would return the books in a week.
他保证一星期后将书还回来。
If you make trouble again, I'll send you home.
你若是再捣蛋，我就把你送回家。
He works very hard, but he's made little progrss.
他非常刻苦，但他进步甚小。
He makes a lot of money and he also spends a lot.
他赚钱多，烧钱也多。
Can you make a speech for our students?
你能为大家的学生演讲一次吗？
I'm sorry to tell you that you've made a big mistake.
我非常遗憾地对你说，你有个大错误。
在表示下定决心、拿定王意时要用词组make up one's mind:
Have you made up your mind to set off tomorrow morning?
你已下定决心要明天早上出发了吗？
2．do vt.
与make一样，完全动词do也可以用于一些固定说法，它的意思比make要更笼统一些：
I had done my best, but I still failed in the exam.
我已经尽力而为了，但我考试还是没及格。
After you've done your homework, you can watch TV.
你完成作业后可以看电视。
Would you please do me a favour?
请帮个忙怎么样？
I did a few jobs about the house.
我干了点家务活。
I did a lot of work around the house.
我干了很多家务活。
Can you do any more work today?
你今天还能再干点活吗？
We are asked to do Exercises 2 and 3 of Lesson 10.
大家得做第10课的第2项和第3项训练。
That shop does very good business.
那家商店的买卖非常不错。
do 还可以与动名词连用：
We did all our shopping yesterday.
大家昨天把东西都买了。
I do a lot of swimming.
我常常游泳。
I did some reading this afternoon.
今天下午我读了点书。
训练答案 Key to written exercises
1．重点句型训练答案
1 were 2 tries 3 will burn
4 would have to 5 lost 6 do not apologize
7 were 8 won 9 would not be
10 could
2．难题训练答案
1 made do 2 does makes
3 doingmaking 4 madedid
3．多项选择题答案
1 c 2 c 3 b 4 c 5 a 6 a
7 c 8 b 9 b 10 b 11b 12 d
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★hostessn. 女主人
actor
actress
host:男主人
host(v.):作为主人,主办
★unsmilingadj. 不笑的，严肃的
★tightadj. 紧身的
tight jeans
★fixv. 凝视,维修,固定
fix one's eyes on
one's eyes be fixed on
★globen. 地球
global:全球的
★despairn. 绝望
disappoint
in despair
sb./sth.is a despair of...
【课文解说】
ask sb.to do sth.
next to:与相邻
be on:放映
用虚拟语气:
1.与目前事实相反,从句用一般过去时,主句用would+动词原型
【Key structures】
1.were
2.tries
3.will born
4.would have to
5.lost
6.don't apologize
7.were
8.won
9.would not be
10.could
【Special difficulties】
make progress
do business
1.made...do
2.does...makes
3.doing...making
4.made...did
go shopping do some shopping
Composition】
She not only refused to answer any question but she did not ask any question either.
but....as well 可以家一定也可以加否定
but...either只能加否定
2.She was interested in neither the theatre nor travel.
She was interested neither in the theatre nor in travel.
3.She liked eating good food but she did not like talking about it.
Exercises】
4.C
ask.sb.to do sth.祈使句以动词原型为标志
5.A
sit down
seat必须要加宾语,假如后面没宾语,后面就用seat的被动形式
seat yourself be seated
sit 是主动,没被动语态,后面不可以加宾语
9.B
glance at:扫了一眼,stare at:盯着看 stuck to:粘在...上面
look at ,see, watch
notice:强调的是双眼的注意,看一些其他人不太注意的事情
fix one's eyes on=stare at
I glanced at it but I didn't pick it up.
glimpase of have a glimpse of
sight catch sight ofin sight
read:阅读
read loudly,read aloud:汉语中的读
从头来看look atgo through:浏览
12.D
enjoy sth.:表示在后者当中得到了一种享受
sth.amuse/entertain sb.entertainment
enjoy 主语是人enjoy oneself amuse,entertain后面会加好友
